Lesson 2 / 29
The Terminal & Shell
Opening a terminal and reading the shell prompt.
What is a shell?
The shell is a program that reads commands you type and asks the kernel to execute them. Bash is the most common Linux shell. The terminal is just the window you type into.
Opening a terminal
On most desktop distros, Ctrl+Alt+T opens a terminal. You'll land in your shell with a prompt waiting for input.
whoami # who am I logged in as
hostname # this machine's name
date # current date/time
Output:
alice ubuntu-server Thu Sep 4 10:00:00 IST 2026
Reading the prompt
A typical prompt alice@ubuntu-server:~$ shows user@host:current-directory. A trailing $ means a normal user; # means you're root (superuser).
Quick check: A prompt ending in `#` instead of `
- A syntax error occurred
- You are logged in as root
- The terminal is frozen
Answer
You are logged in as root — `#` is the traditional prompt symbol for the root/superuser account.