Structures

A custom, composite type

A struct bundles multiple fields — possibly of different types — into one unit, unlike an array which holds same-typed values.

Define, create, access

Fields are accessed with the dot operator ..

struct Point {
    int x;
    int y;
};

int main(void) {
    struct Point p1 = {3, 4};
    printf("(%d, %d)\n", p1.x, p1.y);
    p1.x = 10;
    return 0;
}

Output:

(3, 4)

Structs can nest

A struct field can itself be another struct — access chains with multiple dots.

struct Address { char city[20]; };
struct Person {
    char name[20];
    struct Address addr;
};

struct Person p = {"Riya", {"Pune"}};
printf("%s lives in %s\n", p.name, p.addr.city);

Output:

Riya lives in Pune